ContactsHelper.cs

/*
    Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    distributed with this work for additional information
    regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
    software distributed under the License is distributed on an
    "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
    KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
    specific language governing permissions and limitations
    under the License.
*/

namespace WPCordovaClassLib.Cordova.Commands
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Linq;
    using System.Text;
    using Microsoft.Phone.UserData;
    using System.IO;

    /// <summary>
    /// Implements helper functionality to serialize contact to JSON string.
    /// </summary>
    internal static class ContactsHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Converts Contact object to string representation
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="contact">Contact object</param>
        /// <param name="desiredFields">array of fields names</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        public static string ToJson(this Contact contact, string[] desiredFields)
        {
            var contactFieldsWithJsonVals = contact.PopulateContactDictionary();

            // if desiredFields are not defined, use all avilable fields
            if (desiredFields == null || desiredFields.Length == 0)
            {
                desiredFields = contactFieldsWithJsonVals.Keys.ToArray();
            }

            return FillResultWithFields(desiredFields, contactFieldsWithJsonVals);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns JSON string with desired fields only.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="desiredFields">The desired fields.</param>
        /// <param name="contactFieldsWithJsonVals">The contact fields with JSON values.</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FillResultWithFields(string[] desiredFields, Dictionary<string, Func<string>> contactFieldsWithJsonVals)
        {
            var result = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < desiredFields.Count(); i++)
            {
                if (!contactFieldsWithJsonVals.ContainsKey(desiredFields[i]))
                {
                    continue;
                }

                result.Append(contactFieldsWithJsonVals[desiredFields[i]]());
                if (i != desiredFields.Count() - 1)
                {
                    result.Append(",");
                }
            }

            return "{" + result + "}";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Populates the contact dictionary.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="contact">Contact, that converted to JSON</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string with populated data</returns>
        private static Dictionary<string, Func<string>> PopulateContactDictionary(this Contact contact)
        {
            var contactFieldsJsonValsDictionary = new Dictionary<string, Func<string>>(StringComparer.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
                {
                    { "id", () => string.Format("\"id\":\"{0}\"", contact.GetHashCode()) },
                    { "displayName", () => string.Format("\"displayName\":\"{0}\"", EscapeJson(contact.DisplayName)) },
                    {
                        "nickname",
                        () =>
                        string.Format(
                            "\"nickname\":\"{0}\"",
                            EscapeJson(contact.CompleteName != null ? contact.CompleteName.Nickname : string.Empty))
                    },
                    { "phoneNumbers", () => string.Format("\"phoneNumbers\":[{0}]", FormatJsonPhoneNumbers(contact)) },
                    { "emails", () => string.Format("\"emails\":[{0}]", FormatJsonEmails(contact)) },
                    { "addresses", () => string.Format("\"addresses\":[{0}]", FormatJsonAddresses(contact)) },
                    { "urls", () => string.Format("\"urls\":[{0}]", FormatJsonWebsites(contact)) },
                    { "photos", () => string.Format("\"photos\":[{0}]", FormatJsonPhotos(contact)) },
                    { "name", () => string.Format("\"name\":{0}", FormatJsonName(contact)) },
                    { "note", () => string.Format("\"note\":\"{0}\"", EscapeJson(contact.Notes.FirstOrDefault())) },
                    {
                        "birthday",
                        () =>
                        string.Format(
                            "\"birthday\":\"{0}\"",
                            EscapeJson(Convert.ToString(contact.Birthdays.FirstOrDefault())))
                    }
                };
            return contactFieldsJsonValsDictionary;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Add escape characters to the JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="str">Input JSON formatted string</param>
        /// <returns>Escaped JSON string</returns>
        private static string EscapeJson(string str)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
            {
                return str;
            }

            return str.Replace("\n", "\\n")
                      .Replace("\r", "\\r")
                      .Replace("\t", "\\t")
                      .Replace("\"", "\\\"")
                      .Replace("&", "\\&");
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Formats phone numbers to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonPhoneNumbers(Contact con)
        {
            string retVal = string.Empty;
            const string ContactFieldFormat = "\"type\":\"{0}\",\"value\":\"{1}\",\"pref\":\"false\"";
            foreach (ContactPhoneNumber number in con.PhoneNumbers)
            {
                string contactField = string.Format(ContactFieldFormat, number.Kind.ToString(), number.PhoneNumber);
                retVal += "{" + contactField + "},";
            }

            return retVal.TrimEnd(',');
        }

        /*
         *  formatted: The complete name of the contact. (DOMString)
            familyName: The contacts family name. (DOMString)
            givenName: The contacts given name. (DOMString)
            middleName: The contacts middle name. (DOMString)
            honorificPrefix: The contacts prefix (example Mr. or Dr.) (DOMString)
            honorificSuffix: The contacts suffix (example Esq.). (DOMString)
         */

        /// <summary>
        /// Formats the name to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonName(Contact con)
        {
            string retVal;
            const string FormatStr = "\"formatted\":\"{0}\"," +
                               "\"familyName\":\"{1}\"," +
                               "\"givenName\":\"{2}\"," +
                               "\"middleName\":\"{3}\"," +
                               "\"honorificPrefix\":\"{4}\"," +
                               "\"honorificSuffix\":\"{5}\"";

            if (con.CompleteName != null)
            {
                retVal = string.Format(
                    FormatStr,
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.FirstName + " " + con.CompleteName.LastName),
                    //// TODO: does this need suffix? middlename?
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.LastName),
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.FirstName),
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.MiddleName),
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.Title),
                    EscapeJson(con.CompleteName.Suffix));
            }
            else
            {
                retVal = string.Format(FormatStr, "", "", "", "", "", "");
            }

            return "{" + retVal + "}";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Format Emails to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonEmails(Contact con)
        {
            string retVal = string.Empty;
            const string ContactFieldFormat = "\"type\":\"{0}\",\"value\":\"{1}\",\"pref\":\"false\"";
            foreach (ContactEmailAddress address in con.EmailAddresses)
            {
                string contactField = string.Format(
                    ContactFieldFormat,
                    address.Kind.ToString(),
                    EscapeJson(address.EmailAddress));

                retVal += "{" + contactField + "},";
            }

            return retVal.TrimEnd(',');
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Format Addresses to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonAddresses(Contact con)
        {
            string retVal = string.Empty;
            foreach (ContactAddress address in con.Addresses)
            {
                retVal += GetFormattedJsonAddress(address, false) + ",";
            }

            return retVal.TrimEnd(',');
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Format Websites to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonWebsites(Contact con)
        {
            string retVal = string.Empty;
            foreach (string website in con.Websites)
            {
                retVal += "\"" + EscapeJson(website) + "\",";
            }

            return retVal.TrimEnd(',');
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Format single address to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="address">
        /// Contact address.
        /// </param>
        /// <param name="isPrefered">
        /// Contact is preferred?
        /// </param>
        /// <returns>
        /// JSON string
        /// </returns>
        private static string GetFormattedJsonAddress(ContactAddress address, bool isPrefered)
        {
            const string AddressFormatString = "\"pref\":{0}," + // bool
                                         "\"type\":\"{1}\"," +
                                         "\"formatted\":\"{2}\"," +
                                         "\"streetAddress\":\"{3}\"," +
                                         "\"locality\":\"{4}\"," +
                                         "\"region\":\"{5}\"," +
                                         "\"postalCode\":\"{6}\"," +
                                         "\"country\":\"{7}\"";

            string formattedAddress = EscapeJson(address.PhysicalAddress.AddressLine1 + " "
                + address.PhysicalAddress.AddressLine2 + " "
                + address.PhysicalAddress.City + " "
                + address.PhysicalAddress.StateProvince + " "
                + address.PhysicalAddress.CountryRegion + " "
                + address.PhysicalAddress.PostalCode);

            string jsonAddress = string.Format(
                AddressFormatString,
                isPrefered ? "\"true\"" : "\"false\"",
                address.Kind.ToString(),
                formattedAddress,
                EscapeJson(address.PhysicalAddress.AddressLine1 + " " + address.PhysicalAddress.AddressLine2),
                address.PhysicalAddress.City,
                address.PhysicalAddress.StateProvince,
                address.PhysicalAddress.PostalCode,
                address.PhysicalAddress.CountryRegion);

            return "{" + jsonAddress + "}";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Formats contact photos to JSON string.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="con">Contact object</param>
        /// <returns>JSON string</returns>
        private static string FormatJsonPhotos(Contact con) {

            // we return single photo since contact object instance contains single picture only
            var photoStream = con.GetPicture();
 
            if (photoStream == null) {
                return "";
            }

            return String.Format("{{value:\"{0}\", type: \"data\", pref: false}}", GetImageContent(photoStream));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns image content in a form of base64 string
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="stream">Image stream</param>
        /// <returns>Base64 representation of the image</returns>
        private static string GetImageContent(Stream stream)
        {
            byte[] imageContent = null;

            try
            {
                int streamLength = (int)stream.Length;
                imageContent = new byte[streamLength + 1];
                stream.Read(imageContent, 0, streamLength);

            }
            finally
            {
                stream.Dispose();
            }

            return Convert.ToBase64String(imageContent);
        }
    }
}